This paper draws on the authors more than 10 years of involvement in the action research experience of the Milan Community Network. It discusses the roles that community networks play in the Information Society: starting from a neat characterization of “online community”, community networks are presented as ICT learning communities, as local online communities and as complementary to Digital Cities. Finally, critical insights into institutional aspects of community networks are considered from the perspective of their sustainability.

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo indagar la relación entre feminismos y neoliberalismo a través de un abordaje basado en los conceptos de tecnología móvil (Ong, 2007) y promesa (Berlant, 2011). En esa clave, se intentará pensar la relación montaje-estructura y las formas de consenso y consentimiento que se ordenan en torno a la promesa neoliberal. Se trata de una lectura exploratoria que reúne herramientas analíticas que provienen del giro afectivo de los estudios feministas. A partir de ese entramado, se intentará (...) explorar algunos puntos posibles de intersección entre las lógicas de producción de consenso del neoliberalismo y las estrategias feministas hegemónicas y contrahegemónicas. (shrink)

Este trabajo indaga en algunas discusiones alrededor del problema de la materia, marcando puntos de encuentro y divergencias entre algunos elementos presentes en las teorías queer, los nuevos materialismos y el feminismo materialista francófono. Más específicamente, se preguntará por qué consecuencias teóricas y políticas podrían tener las diversas conceptualizaciones de la materia y lo material en las elaboraciones de cinco referentes indiscutidas de esas corrientes de pensamiento: Judith Butler, Paola Tabet y Nicole-Claude Mathieu y Elizabeth Wilson y Jane Bennett.

El propósito de este estudio es el de centrar la atención sobre la coexistencia, en el curso de la transmisión de la doctrina de los _loci _en el Alto Medioevo de dos interpretaciones, las cuales, aunque surjan ambas de un comentario a los _Topica _de Cicerón, han originado una diversa, aunque notable flexión interpretativa del texto ciceroniano: el primer comentario realizado por Mario Victorino, el cual concibió los _loci _casi exclusivamente al servicio de la Retórica, el segundo llevado a cabo (...) por Boecio quien, por su parte, intentó restaurar la centralidad que los _Topica _tuvieron en la lógica aristotélica, subordinando los _loci _retóricos a los _loci _dialécticos. Mi conclusión es que la Alta Edad Media puede ser considerada con justa razón desde un punto de vista epistemológico como una larga _boetiana aetas_. Aunque el _corpus _de los escritos de lógica boeciana no estuviera disponible sino hasta la segunda mitad del siglo XI, Boecio de algún modo continuó sosteniendo con su impostación de método el esqueleto de la nueva estructura especulativo-teológica. (shrink)

In the 17th and 18th centuries, the doctrine of just war was one of the most popular theories in international law. According to this doctrine, the right to war is an integral part of natural law and, under specific circumstances, morally justified. To my mind, Kant was a fervent critic of the theory of just war. He critically reformulates the rational and normative principles of right in a way that leaves no place for war as a legitimate procedure to resolve (...) a conflict between states. In section, I shall analyze the fundamental principles of ius gentium, in particular, the duty to leave the state of nature at the international level and the juridical form that the association between states must adopt. The exit of the state of nature between nations must generate an international legal framework that not only protects human rights but also safeguards the sovereignty of the peoples. In section, I shall examine Kant’s critique of the doctrine of just war in Zum ewigen Frieden and in the Rechtslehre, exploring why the idea of an ius ad bellum is incompatible with the critical reformulation of the right of nations proposed there. (shrink)

Los primeros parágrafos de la sección “El derecho privado” de la Doctrina del derecho de Kant incluyen el conjunto de los elementos sistemáticos que conciernen a la justificación de los derechos relativos a la propiedad. El propósito central de este trabajo es analizar la función sistemática del concepto de “posesión común originaria” en la doctrina kantiana de la propiedad, con especial interés en el sentido novedoso que adquiere ese concepto —que pertenecía a la tradición del derecho natural— en su reformulación (...) como un “concepto práctico de la razón, que contiene a priori, el principio según el cual tan solo los hombres pueden hacer uso del lugar sobre la tierra siguiendo leyes jurídicas”. (shrink)

El propósito de este trabajo es ofrecer algunas consideraciones acerca del rol de la sección “El derecho privado” de la Doctrina del derechode Kant. Se propone que el análisis de “lo mío y tuyo exterior”, que tiene lugar en la sección en cuestión, tiene la función de mostrar que existe un tipo de derecho subjetivo vinculado con la posesión de objetos externos al arbitrio: los derechos adquiridos. Estos derechos, al igual que el derecho innato, exigen, para su ejercicio efectivo, la (...) institución de un Estado legislado por la voluntad general. (shrink)

This paper aims to analyze Schlegel’s critique of Kant’s political philosophy regarding two issues: the republican ideal and the justification of revolution. In the Versuch, Schlegel connects republic and democracy, and opposes Kant’s thesis according to which revolution is not morally allowed. The insurrection of the people is vindicated as a form of political action that aims at the institution of a republican regime. I argue that Schlegel’s view on revolution rests on two central claims: first, on a Rousseaunean account (...) of the people as a constituent power, and second, on the rejection of the Kantian doctrine about the unconditional necessity of the state. (shrink)

Se examina la posición de Kant con respecto a la vinculación del derecho con el impulso natural a la felicidad: si Estado se establece para satisfacer fines particulares, se termina justificando el despotismo y la rebelión popular. Se plantean dos hipótesis: a) el principio de la felicidad se debe reemplazar por la idea de una voluntad general legisladora como único criterio normativo-evaluativo de la legitimidad de la obligación política; b) este principio jurídico a prioriobliga al soberano y también al pueblo (...) a adoptar la perspectiva de la voluntad general para juzgar el poder político vigente. (shrink)

Este trabajo analiza el argumento acerca de la aprioridad de la soberanía de la voluntad del pueblo en la sección El derecho público de la Doctrina del derecho. Allí Kant, más que presentar una tesis absolutamente original, como en la sección El derecho privado, en donde llega a la necesidad de la voluntad general legisladora a través del concepto de reciprocidad; sigue ideas de Rousseau y se centra en la libertad jurídica como dependencia de la ley que uno mismo se (...) ha dado. Sostendré que, por motivos sistemáticos, Kant lleva a cabo una idealización normativa de la volonté générale rousseauniana. No obstante, la distinción fundamental entre respublica noumenon y respublica phaenomenon no implica que, desde una perspectiva práctica, el ideal republicano esté completamente escindido del ámbito fenoménico. Muy por el contrario, la república pura ejerce una fuerza normativa sobre la praxis política. (shrink)

This volume contains the first modern commentary to Boethius's last logical monograph entitled 'De topicis differentiis', his most original work written around 522 A.D., just before the incarceration and death of the Roman philosopher. His textbook aims at providing a method for the discovery of arguments, that is an art that teaches how to solve any kind of question through the use of the topics, litteraly 'places' of our mind able to produce arguments subsequently developed into argumentations. Boethius inherited this (...) teaching from two different traditions, the Greek and Latin. In light of the differences found in them, the Roman scholar undertook the writing of the 'De topicis differentiis' precisely in order to show the possible way of reconciling these two philosophical traditions. In this way Boethius was able to disseminate a unified vision of this matter to the Latin world, restoring the centrality that the Topics had in the Aristotelian Logic and restoring their noblest function, that of being instruments at the service of the search for Truth. Finally, he also provided the list of the rhetorical topics by showing the differences with dialectical topics. This study provides a full reconstruction of the structure of the Boethian work, retraces and evaluates the sources, investigates the implications, and explains why the 'De topicis differentiis' remains a foundational work for anyone who wants to understand the development of European Logic through the Middle Ages and the Renaissance. (shrink)

L’article analyse la fête béotienne des Daidala dont Pausanias a conservé le souvenir (IX, 2, 7–3, 8). Tant l’aition (introduit pour expliquer pourquoi l’Héra de Platées porte l’épithète de Nympheomene) que la description de la fête dans sa double forme de Petits et Grands Daidala présentent des aspects qui méritent l’attention. Le texte présente un scénario rituel assez complexe, probablement le fruit d’une longue stratification d’éléments d’origine diverse. La description de la fête que fournit Pausanias pose une série de questions (...) touchant au statut de l’image cultuelle, aux rites pré-matrimoniaux, à l’existence d’un cycle mythique d’Héra lié aux transformations physiologiques de la parthenos, à la signification politique de la fête pour les communautés béotiennes. (shrink)

Beginning with the Ciceronian divisions of rhetorical and dialectical topics as found, respectively, in the De inventione, the De oratore, the Partitiones oratoriae and the Topica, the purpose of this study is to collect all the lists that have been transmitted from Antiquity to the early Middle Ages in order to observe — mainly through the help of several diagrams put in the appendix — their alteration, as well as their preservation.

El programa “Educación en Igualdad” surge de un estudio descriptivo proyectivo, diseñado para mejorar la valoración del enfoque de género en docentes de una institución educativa, en base a las teorías científicas, las características de la unidad de análisis -cuya muestra fue de 30- y al nivel de valoración del enfoque de género identificado con un cuestionario con confiabilidad de 0,963 en el Alfa de Cronbach. El presente artículo busca darlo a conocer como un programa formativo para la transversalización efectiva (...) del enfoque de género, elaborado e implementado bajo un enfoque holístico y transdisciplinar, a través de 15 talleres educativos. (shrink)

Within a general approach that implies the closely related survey of neurosciences and philosophical thought, the essays collected in the volume develop two main lines of research. The first one, thanks to the contributions of scientists and psychologists , psychoanalysists and bioengineers , allows to fix the attention on the neurobiological, psychological, psychoanalytical and physical remembering. The second one, more specifically philosophical, is declined in three different approaches. the first - with essays by Stefania Achella, Giuseppe D'Anna and Rosario Diana (...) - points to the anlysis of the role played by the rememberance and the prefiguration in the processes of identity construction. The second - with contributions from Fiorella Battaglia, Anna Donise, Sabine Marienberg and Sara Fortuna - focuses on the role of remembering in anthropology and linguistics, as well as the identification of certain diseases of memory. The third, finally - with contributions from Gabriella Baptist, Chiara de Luzenberger and Marco Boninu - tends to define the regulatory function of memory. (shrink)

Esta nota realiza una revisión crítica de la transmisión del _Sapientiale_ de Tomás de York, a raíz de la novedad editorial que consiste en la edición crítica de alguno de sus capítulos: _Thomae Eboracensis Sapientiale. __Liber I, capp. 1-18_. Ed. Retucci, F. Florencia: SISMEL - Edizioni del Galluzzo, 2023. Colección: Corpus Philosophorum Medii Aevii. Testi e Studi 27. xxxii - 320 pp. ISBN 978-88-9290-220-0.

En la protección de los bienes comunes en Estados Unidos desde el siglo xix hasta la actualidad, la doctrinal del public trust ha jugado un papel determinante. Esta doctrina, heredera de la tradición jurídica romana, basa su estructura conceptual en una relación fideicomisaria entre agente y principal y fue inicialmente invocada para la salvaguarda de los bienes comunes de su cercamiento y privatización. Con el paso de los años, se ha transformado en un instrumento jurídico clave para la protección ambiental. (...) En este artículo doy cuenta de su evolución y aplicación actual. (shrink)

Human reasoning is often conceived as an interplay between a more intuitive and deliberate thought process. In the last 50 years, influential fast-and-slow dual-process models that capitalize on this distinction have been used to account for numerous phenomena – from logical reasoning biases, over prosocial behavior, to moral decision making. The present paper clarifies that despite the popularity, critical assumptions are poorly conceived. My critique focuses on two interconnected foundational issues: the exclusivity and switch feature. The exclusivity feature refers to (...) the tendency to conceive intuition and deliberation as generating unique responses such that one type of response is assumed to be beyond the capability of the fast-intuitive processing mode. I review the empirical evidence in key fields and show that there is no solid ground for such exclusivity. The switch feature concerns the mechanism by which a reasoner can decide to shift between more intuitive and deliberate processing. I present an overview of leading switch accounts and show that they are conceptually problematic – precisely because they presuppose exclusivity. I build on these insights to sketch the groundwork for a more viable dual-process architecture and illustrate how it can set a new research agenda to advance the field in the coming years. (shrink)

Il est couramment admis qu’il existe une corrélation, sinon un rapport de cause à effet, entre la fréquence lexicale d’une dérivation et sa productivité, mesurée à l’aune de sa force d’attraction analogique. Or cette thèse est démentie par l’examen détaillé des faits d’apophonie nominale en portugais. De deux alternances qui se partagent un sous-ensemble de nominaux, c’est la dérivation minoritaire, ainsi que le révèle l’analyse d’un corpus de 238 mots, qui, depuis le XIXème siècle, gagne lentement du terrain dans le (...) standard de Lisbonne, et y exerce une force analogique sur l’alternance majoritaire sans commune mesure avec le phénomène inverse. On déduira de cet apparent paradoxe et de sa spécificité dialectale que le véritable moteur du changement analogique ne réside pas dans le nombre d’entrées voire de sorties lexicales, mais dans l’existence, au sein de la grammaire du locuteur, de « schèmes dérivationnels » pouvant à l’occasion être mis en concurrence sous certaines conditions distributionnelles et sociolinguistiques. (shrink)

Neste artigo, tensiono a construção da África com base na própria construção do “outro” enquanto um desafio para as ciências sociais e humanas. A partir de uma reflexão sobre o próprio processo de formação da África, muitos termos e nacionalismos foram utilizados para a chegada a um denominador comum acerca daquilo que define o continente africano, bem como também daquilo que se esvai em diferenças de perspectiva, de regiões e de buscas por esta identidade. Assim, escolho como exemplo meu estudo (...) sobre a obra A Geração da Utopia enquanto um processo a partir do qual a dificuldade para a chegada a um entendimento sobre identidade pode revelar um desafio maior: entender como múltiplas identidades foram sendo construídas, em parte como herança de uma visão nacionalista sobre identidade, e de que maneira os escritores africanos, à sua maneira, representam-na dentro de contextos específicos. Palavras-chave: identidade; Angola; Pepetela; mestiçagem; nacionalismo; história. (shrink)

A guerra civil iniciada no final de 2013 no Sudão do Sul causou, pela primeira vez na história das Nações Unidas, um afluxo gigantesco de deslocados internos para o interior de bases da Missão das Nações Unidas no Sudão do Sul, em busca de proteção. Assim, foram criados os Protection of Civilian Sites. Com a chegada de dezenas de milhares de pessoas em poucas semanas, houve um enorme crescimento nas demandas humanitárias e de segurança. Para prover a necessária proteção, foi (...) necessário o trabalho conjunto de militares, policiais e civis da UNMISS, que será apresentado nesse trabalho. (shrink)

O relato de experiência a que este texto se refere provém do módulo intitulado Violência no Espaço Escolar, do Curso de Extensão em Gênero, Raça e Diversidade Sexual/ODEERE. A partir de temas que envolvem raça/etnia, gênero, e sexualidades, foram promovidos debates relacionados a preconceitos e discriminações que se manifestam no espaço escolar voltados para o racismo, sexismo e à homo-lesbo-bi-transfobia. O desenvolvimento da proposta didática pautou-se na abordagem qualitativa à luz da dialética, com o intuito de problematizar incômodos prescritos pelo (...) poder hegemônico e de pensar alternativas de mudanças para a promoção de uma convivência respeitosa primando pela valorização das diferenças. Palavras-chave: Violência. Escola. Diferenças. (shrink)

Subject of this article is the Belgian citizen's oppositional behaviour taken in the largest sense and considered as an opportunity to express his preferences. Starting from the supposition that a policy decision is not perceived as being conform to the citizens' interests or beliefs, attention is focused on their propensity to engage in oppositional action and their preferences for different means of expression.Such propensity appears to be rather limited and therefore one has also examined their belief in the success of (...) an oppositional action and their insight in contemporary societal problems.Those data are compared with the actual oppositional behaviour during the last five years, which was found to be even smaller than the propensity. Further, three scales are constructed, indicating similarities and dissimilarities, as far as means of expression are concerned, between the preferences of the whole population and the behaviour of the small number of opponents.In a second approach, the degree of politica! participation, dissatisfaction and information is successively examined in relation to the oppositional behaviour. This research reveals that each of these three elements induces a more intensive oppositional activity as well as a different behaviour concerning the use of oppositional means. Political participation however is the most infiuencing factor. Oppositional behaviour is a complex phenomenon. Information on the content of the oppositional action, not included in this inquiry, would complete this approach. (shrink)

In the present article it is proposed to think about the possibility of an ethics in times of precariousness; on the one hand, through the figure of the Other that appears as a Face in E. Lévinas’ ethics of responsibility, as it is received by Butler in Precarious Life. And, on the other hand, through a proposal to re-read, which we believe it is necessary, the passage known as the “Parable of the Good Samaritan”, key-text in our pre-understanding-hermeneutical background about (...) the link between ethics and openness to the Other. That re-reading would help us to think about the possibility of an ethics that articulates care as assistance to the Other and delegation to an “Other” of the Other, that is usually forgotten. (shrink)

Illuminating Teilhard's thought with excerpts from his unpublished notes and correspondence, the author relates Teilhard's ideas to his spiritual life, tracing the origin of his thought and its development. This spiritual journey describes Teilhard's early years and family background; his training as a Jesuit; the preparation of his scientific career; and his attainment of intellectual maturity during World War I.

Présente le parcours philosophique de Merleau-Ponty tant dans sa formation que dans ses objectifs. Ses références : Descartes, Leibniz, Gabriel Marcel. Ses concepts opératoires : le concret, l'incarnation, l'intentionnalité, les chiasmes.